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Blood tests for parasites

The parasites living in the human body cause the abuse of vague etiology.They can be rash, flat, heartburn, vomiting, weakness, anemia, joint pain.Special tests must be performed to clarify the diagnosis.

Parasites who can live in the human body

Hemoscany of blood drops for parasites

Classification of parasites in their appearance:

  1. lamblia,
  2. Opistorchi,
  3. Echinococci,
  4. toxockers,
  5. Trichinella,
  6. Askarids.

For representatives of some professions (for food enterprise staff, children's institutions), analysis of worm eggs in the design of sanitary books is required.Children go through the same analysis after receiving gardens and a nursery or in a sports section.

  • A classic study of worms living in the gastrointestinal tract is a feces analysis and a mucosal fragmentation from the rectum.
  • But there are several options for more effective blood tests for parasites, as the method is intended.

Classic research on worms

A classic study of worms living in the gastrointestinal tract (gastrointestinal tract), for example, pinworms, ascarides, is a feces analysis and a piece of mucosa from the rectum.But an analysis with a time of feces may not show positive results, so it is advisable to do three times.

  1. To analyze the feces and scraping, the histological method of the Koprogram is used (seeing the material cuts under the microscope).The research efficiency is about 20%because the probability is low for eggs or parasite larvae to fall into the analyzed material.
  2. Controversial studies on helminths, simple parasites and fungi in the body are electro -acupuncture methods.Their essence is to get results using the bioelectric reactions of active points with electrodes.For this purpose, special equipment is used.Many doctors perceive skeptical research data.
  3. The most informative examination of parasites is a blood test.

Types of blood tests for parasites

There are several options for blood tests for parasites: as thought and by method.Each of these methods has its advantages and disadvantages.Depending on the methodology used, there are the following types of blood tests:

  1. ELISA or immunophynticnae of blood;
  2. PCR or polymerase chain reaction;
  3. Hemoskan;
  4. Serological blood test.

ELISA, Analysis for Antibodies and Immunoglobulin

This analysis is based on the body's immune response, the level of its protective response to the occupation of parasites.When antibodies are formed in the form of the human body in response to the entrance of a pathogen or simply a foreign protein into its blood, they are called immunoglobulins.

  • Using ELISA results, you can determine the presence of helminths in the body and their type.The accuracy of the study is much higher than the feces analysis.
  • The method is based on the calculation of antibodies in the body in one or another type of parasites, the determination of their connection to foreign antigens (immune response) and the enzyme reaction of the body.
  • Antibodies - antigens indicate the presence of infection.
  • A blood test from ELISA has accuracy, according to various experts, from 60% to 90% even to the low level of occupation.
  • The advantage of the method, in addition to a high level of accuracy, is that an analysis of immuno function can be monitored by the dynamics of the disease over time.

IFA Blood tests for parasites

An analysis of antibodies looks like a group of characters showing these antibodies or they are called immunoglobulins.

  • In total, 5 of them have been studied - IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE IgD.
  • In practical medicine, the first four immunoglobulins are important.

IgM is the main marker for the acute phase of the disease

IgM - immunoglobulin, which appears in the acute phase of the disease, indicates the onset of infection.

  • Appears in the blood on the fifth day,
  • Detected by analysis after 6 weeks.
  • Then he begins to disappear quickly.

IGE - Indicator, Indicator of parasite infection

IgE - immunoglobulin indicates the presence of parasites or allergies in the human body.

  • is a marker of processes associated with allergies,
  • It circulates slightly in the blood, based on mucosa, macrophages and basophils,
  • Participates in immune response to infection with parasites.

IgG - the marker of illness and immunity

IgG - immunoglobulin, appears in the process of the disease.

  • IgG also saved after a cure, for some life infections, for example, measles, rubella and others.
  • The discovery of immunoglobulins in the blood says the body had already met this infection before, with this specific pathogen.

Outcome of the Analysis Paress Elistical

For different combinations of pluses and minuses in the blood test for parasites, the following conclusions can be drawn:

  1. Lack of infection - all one minus antibodies;
  2. Acute phase-IGG (+/-), IgA (+\-), IgM (+);
  3. Chronic-Igg form (+/-), IgA (-), IgM (-);
  4. the presence of immunity-IGG (+), IgA (-), IgM (-);
  5. Irritation of a chronic disease - IgG (+), IgA (+), IgM (+)
  6. If the disease is detected and treated, then the minus values of all antibodies will only be achieved six months after the course of treatment, sometimes after 1-2 years.

Reliability of Elisa's analysis

The ELISA method gives the reliability of 90% for the diagnosis of ascarid infection, pinworms, toxicity and others that cause the formation of IgG immunoglobulin in large quantities.

  1. You can determine the lambliosis of special and general value (OPD) of the level of antibodies in the blood.
  2. OPD value is more than 1 suggests that there is an infection or has been,
  3. With a value of less than 0.85 no lamblia.
  4. If the value is in the interval, then it is advisable to repeat the analysis after 2 weeks.

This method is characterized by a number of weaknesses.The analysis allows you to determine the level of antibodies developed in the body for neutralizing helminths, and not the worms themselves.

  • Therefore, it is possible to obtain false positive and false negative results.
  • This also occurs when patients taking medication,
  • Disordishes metabolic disorders and the presence of the parallel of the current chronic disease.

General blood test, changes in parasite infection

You may indirectly doubt the presence of the occupation by doing a general blood test.Since the presence of worms affects the internal organs, the products of their vital activity enter the bloodstream, changing its composition.Partial list of occupation effect results on blood parameters:

  • Increased hemoglobin;
  • Non -Normal indicator of ESR;
  • excess eosinophils by 20%;
  • Anemia Zhelizia.

If there are no other reasons for such deviations, it is advisable to include a special blood test for parasites, ELISA, PCR in the diagnostic program.

Polymerase chain reaction, PCR analysis

The PCR method, or polymer chain reaction, is considered fundamental to molecular diagnosis and is one of the most modern and accurate for diagnostics for the presence of parasites in the body.

  • It consists of discovering traces of DNA and RNA, belonging to the parasitic forms of life.
  • The essence of the polymerase reaction is to treat blood in such a way as to copy and spread DNA, RNA of foreign organisms in a concentration that allows them to determine.

Serological test

At the same time, the analysis is used as a source of information for blood serum.

  • The immunogenic antibodies of the parasites are investigated.
  • The analysis allows you to identify a large number of parasitic forms, but does not allow you to determine the occupation phase.
  • Like the IFA method, serological analysis is indirect for diagnosis.
  • If the OPD values are high, it is advisable to also pass the fecal analysis.

Diagnosis with the method of blood scanning

During hemoscanization in the parasites, a "live" blood point of a patient is studied by optical devices in which, in addition to worms, you can determine their larvae and fungi.

How to do a blood test for parasites

Blood fence from the elbow vein

Blood donation to parasites is performed in a specialized laboratory.The blood for the analysis is obtained from the elbow vein in the amount of 3-5 ml and placed in a dry sterile test tube.Before passing the analysis, recommended:

  1. Do not eat for 8 hours;
  2. At the evening meal, abandon fatty dishes and milk;
  3. Do not take alcohol and carbonated drinks;
  4. Avoid excessive physical exercise, physiotherapy, X -ray radiation;
  5. Refuse to take medication.
  6. Abundant drink is welcome.
  7. Conditions for PCR blood donation are less strict because the degree of saturation does not affect the presence of parasites DNA.

Analysis dates

  • IFA results and serological tests are released within a week.
  • For PCR and hemostcaning blood tests, some hours are enough.
  • With the result of the analysis, you should definitely consult a doctor.